Lower limb muscle activation during outdoor running: differences between sprinters, middle-distance and long-distance runners

  1. Hernández-Stender, C. L. 1
  2. Molina-Rueda, F. 1
  3. Cuesta-Gómez, A. 1
  4. Alguacil-Diego, I. M. 1
  1. 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine. Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
Revista:
Sports Biomechanics

ISSN: 1476-3141,  1752-6116

Año de publicación: 2021

Volumen: 23

Número: 7

Páginas: 949-960

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1902554 GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Sports Biomechanics

Resumen

Running is one of the most popular sport practices in the world. However, to our knowledge, none of the previous research about the characteristics of outdoor running makes a distinction between the different modalities of runners. Sixty-five healthy runners classified in sprinters, middle distance and long-distance runners performed five series of 100 metres on the synthetic outdoor track at competition pace. Muscle activity of lower limb muscles at initial contact and toe-off, involving the gluteus medius (GMED), gluteus maximus (GMAX), biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), tiabilis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (MGAS), and spatiotemporal parameters were analysed. Sprinters showed high percentages of muscle activity at initial contact, in particular, the TA activity was the highest. The RF activity was significantly the lowest activity registered. At toe-off, sprinters showed the highest activity in all muscles analysed. Middle-distance runners had the highest activity of GMAX, BF and MGAS during the initial contact. In long-distance runners, the GMED and RF activity during the initial contact is highlighted, showing the highest activity of this phase. Different patterns of lower limb muscle activity and spatiotemporal parameters exist depending on the modality of the runner.

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